Periodontal conditions in patients with disabilities. A literature review.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5335/rfo.v29i1.15615Keywords:
oral health, periodontal diseases, dental care, disable childrenAbstract
Objective: This is a literature review that aims to identify the most prevalent periodontal conditions in patients with disabilities and to discuss dental care for these patients. Literature review: The Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, and academic Google databases were used to search from August 2022 to July 2023. The search terms used were "special needs", "disabled individuals", "intellectual disabilities", "cerebral palsy", "autistic spectrum", "Down syndrome", "oral health", "periodontal diseases", "periodontal treatment", and "dental care." There was no language limitation, and recent references were given priority. Final Considerations: The main findings show that dentists often treat patients with autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, and cerebral palsy. The difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene, for both the patient and the caregiver, contributes to the development of oral pathologies, especially periodontal diseases. The most common periodontal conditions found in these patients are plaque-induced gingivitis, periodontitis, and medicated gingival hyperplasia. Professionals must develop strategies for the prevention and identification of risk factors to offer a healthier oral condition and a better quality of life for the patients.
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