ENTRE AMADORES E PROFISSIONAIS
ORIGENS E TRANSFORMAÇÕES DO AMADORISMO NO MOVIMENTO OLÍMPICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5335/hdtv.24n.3.16086Keywords:
Amadorismo, Esporte, Jogos OlímpicosAbstract
A noção de amadorismo comporta distintos significados. Ao longo da história do esporte olímpico, o amadorismo esteve cercado de controvérsias e experimentou o apogeu e o declínio. Neste artigo, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, analisam-se as raízes históricas e sociais do amadorismo no esporte, destacando o papel do Comitê Olímpico Internacional na definição desse conceito, seu viés de exclusão social e suas implicações morais e éticas. O artigo aborda ainda a transição para o profissionalismo no esporte olímpico, considerando as condições culturais e políticas que permitiram esse processo.
Downloads
References
AMARO, Fausto. Os jogos olímpicos na capital da República: Narrativas da imprensa e campo esportivo no Rio de Janeiro (1890-1935). 2018. 417f. Tese (Doutorado em Comunicação) - Faculdade de Comunicação Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2018.
BARBERO, Jesus Matín. Dos meios às mediações: cultura e hegemonia. Rio de Janeiro: Editora UFRJ, 1997.
BOURDIEU, Pierre. “Sport and Social Class”. Social Science Information, v. 17, p. 819-840, 1978.
BULLETIN DU COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL DES JEUX OLYMPIQUES, Paris, Ano 1, n. 1, jul. 1894.
CHATZIEFSTATHIOU, Dikaia; HENRY, Ian. Discourses of Olympism: From the Sorbonne 1894 to London 2012. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
CLASTRES, Patrick. La renaissance des Jeux Olympiques, une invention diplomatique. Outre-Terre, v. 3, n. 8, p. 281-291, 2004.
CLASTRES, Patrick. Playing with Greece. Pierre de Coubertin and the Motherland of Humanities and Olympics. Politique, culture, société, n. 12, set.-dez. 2010.
COSTA, Alcides Vieira. Estratégias das Organizações Desportivas. As Grandes Linhas Ideológicas de Orientação Estratégica do Comité Olímpico Internacional: de Atenas (1896) a Pequim (2008). Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa (Portugal), 2012.
COUBERTIN, Pierre. Pierre de Coubertin: Olimpismo – Seleção de textos (Norbert Muller e Nelson Schneider Todt [Editores]). Porto Alegre: ediPUCRS, 2015.
DAMO, Arlei Sander. O uso dos termos amadorismo e profissionalismo como categorias sociológicas na literatura acadêmica sobre o futebol. In: ENCONTRO ANUAL DA ASSOCIAÇÃO NACIONAL DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO E PESQUISA EM CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS (Anpocs), 26., 2002, Caxambu. Anais... Caxambu: Anpocs, 2002.
DUNNING, Eric; SHEARD, Kenneth. Barbarians, Gentlemen and Players: A Study of the Development of Rugby Football. Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1979.
GIGLIO, Sérgio Settani. COI x FIFA: a história política do futebol nos Jogos Olímpicos. 2013. Tese de Doutorado. Universidade de São Paulo.
GRUNEAU, Richard. “Amateurism” as a Sociological Problem: Some Reflections Inspired by Eric Dunning. Sport in Society, v. 9, n. 4, p. 559-582, 2006.
GLEAVES, John. Doped Professionals and Clean Amateurs: Amateurism’s Influence on the Modern Philosophy of Anti-Doping. Journal of Sport History, v. 38, n. 2, p. 237-254, 2011.
GUTTMANN, Allen. From Ritual to Record. New York: Columbia University Press, 1978.
HOBSBAWM, Eric. A Produção em Massa de Tradições: Europa, 1879 a 1914. In: HOBSBAWM, Eric; RANGER, Terence. A invenção das tradições. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1997, p. 271-316.
HUGGINS, Mike. The Victorians and Sport. Londres: Hambledon and London, 2004.
LLEWELLYN, Matthew. The curse of the shamateur. Journal of the History of Sport, v. 28, n. 5, p. 796-816, 2011.
LOEW, Guy-Lionel. Amteurism and the Olympic Movement: the stakes of a definition of amateurism under the light of the case of Karl Schranz - 1972 Winter Games Sapporo, Japan. Journal of Olympic History, n. 13, p. 24-30, jan. 2005.
LUCAS, John. Olympic Genesis: the Sorbonne Conferences of 1892 and 1894. Olympic Review, n. 85-86, p. 607-610, nov./dez. 1974.
LUCAS, John. Future of the Olympic Games. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 1992.
MACALOON, John J. The mighty working of a symbol: from idea to organization. The International Journal of the History of Sport, v. 23, n. 3-4, p. 528-570, 2006.
MELO, Victor. Cidade sportiva: primórdios do esporte no Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Relume Dumará; Faperj, 2001.
MORGAN, William J. Amateurism and Professionalism as Moral Languages: In Search of a Moral Image for Sport. Quest, v. 45, p. 470-493, 1993.
REVUE OLYMPIQUE, Paris, ago. 1909.
RITCHIE, Ian. Pierre de Coubertin, Doped “Amateurs” and the “Spirit of Sport”: The Role of Mythology in Olympic Anti-Doping Policies. The International Journal of the History of Sport, v. 31, n. 8, p. 820-838, 2014.
SENN, Alfred E. Power, Politics, and the Olympic Games: A History of the Power Brokers, Events, and Controversies that Shaped the Games. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1999.
WAGG, Stephen. “Tilting at Windmills? Olympic Politics and the Spectre of Amateurism. In: LENSKYJ, H. J.; WAGG, Stephen. The Palgrave Handbook of Olympic Studies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, p. 321–336.
YOUNG, David C. From Olympia 776 BC to Athens 2004: The origin and authenticity of the modern Olympic Games. In: GIRGINOV, Vassil (Org.). The Olympics: a critical reader. Nova Iorque: Routledge, 2010, p. 40-49.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 História: Debates e Tendências
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which allows the sharing of work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
