Smart environments in Digital Agriculture: a systematic review and taxonomy

Abstract

This paper presents a systematic review of smart environments applied to digital agriculture, relating enabling technologies for the feasibility of its implementation in emerging markets, especially in third world countries, which still lack targeted information for its implementation. The review searched in academic databases, works reporting studies on Smart Environments and digital agriculture. Articles published between 2019 and April 2023 were consulted in 5 academic databases, ACM, IEEE, Scopus, Science Direct and Springer, resulting initially in 631 articles. After filtering, considering the selection protocol, 51 works remained for the study. Smart environments have the potential to increase productivity, reduce costs and ensure environmental sustainability. Most of the selected articles focus on the use of enabling technologies of Sensors and Internet of Things, Big Data and Data Analysis, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and Connectivity and Communication Networks. In addition, there are still challenges to be overcome for smart environments to be adopted. These challenges include the cost of technologies, the lack of qualified human resources and the need for expansion of government policies that encourage the use of innovative agricultural technologies.