Aspects main of the oral and maxillofacial surgery in patient under therapy bisphosphonate

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the pharmacological action of bisphosphonates and their performance on the facial bone structures, correlating them with different areas of the maxillofacial surgery. Literature review and Final considerations: Bisphosphonate drugs are used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases by acting directly on bone remodeling and vascularization. These drugs affect the bone remodeling by means of bone decreasing resorption by different mechanisms, acting on osteoclasts mainly, inhibiting and reducing its activity. Bisphosphonates have a high affinity for hydroxyapatite bone surface, which causes greater accumulation of mineral on regions with high bone activity. The use of certain formulations of these drugs has been associated with the development of bone necrosis in maxilla and mandible. Recent studies show that the use of bisphosphonates can perform as an adjunct in the treatment of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures such as distraction osteogenesis, bone grafts and implantology. Key words: Osteoporosis. Osseointegration. Dental implantation. Bisphosphonates. Osteonecrosis.